2007 Research Highlights-- USDA Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory

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2006 Highlights

o	How Well Do Arsenic-Free Preservatives Inhibit Copper-Tolerant Fungi?
o	Caulking with Care
o	Combustion Properties of an Exotic Annual Grass
o	Creosote Movement from Treated Wood Immersed in Fresh Water
o	Durable Wood, Naturally--Termite Resistance
o	Essential Oils Inhibit Mold Spore Germination
o	Fire Resistance of Strucutral Composite Lumber Products
o	Bioprocessing for Ethanol Production and a Valuable Adhesive Coproduct
o	Fuel Treatment Evaluator
o	Fuel Treatment Market
o	Genome Sequencing
o	Wood Research from World War I to Iraq
o	Reusing Remediated Wood in Value-Added Products
o	Inspecting Historic Structures: Using the Web to Train Inspection Professionals
o	Productive Use of Thinnings in Dimension Lumber and Paper
o	Treatability of Underutilized Wood Species
o	Enhancing Wood-Plastic Composites by Crosslinking Polymers
o	Accessible and Affordable Playground and Path Surfacing Now Commerically Available
o	Dimensional Warping of Wood-Based Composites

2007 Research Highlights

Research Area:
Forest Service Strategic Goal 6: Conduct mission-related work in addition to that which supports the agency goals.
SPA: Resource Management and Use

Z-direction fiber orientation in paper

Key Contact: David Vahey, dvahey@fs.fed.us

Paper is thought to consist of fibers that are primarily oriented in the plane of the sheet, and effectively present as laminated layers in the z-direction. A presentation at a recent conference suggested that under some manufacturing conditions, fibers would tip in the paper sheet and acquire a slight z-direction component of orientation as well. Testing in FY-07 has demonstrated that some machine made papers do show evidence of z-direction fiber orientation just as predicted and provides several testing protocols that have succeeded in detecting it. Z-direction orientation was found to reduce sheet tensile in one sample by 3% but to increase tensile stiffness by 6% and out of plane shear strength by 42%.